The aim of this research is to study the efficiency of wastewater treatment using fenton process combine with coagulation and determine the optimum ph, dosages and contact time of feso4, h2o2 and fenugreek for the treatment. Jar test experiments were conducted using both synthetic wastewater and real wastewater obtained from a conventional activated sludge wastewater tr eatment plant in perth, western australia. Testing liquid polymer, creating flocs,and removing water to create space. The article was written and submitted by gordon djani of water specialist, sanford, fl. This serves as a control in an attempt to simulate a conventional settleometer test. The experimental tests were done by a jar test and followed astm d2035.
The purpose of the laboratory jar test is to select and quantify a treatment program for removal of suspended. Coagulation and flocculation causes a chemical reaction that promotes the formation, agglomeration or clumping of such particles to facilitate their removal from solution. The jar and stick tests option for testing your pond. Its a preference in the primary purification processes due to its simplicity operation, efficient and cheap.
The implementation of wastewater treatment plants has been so far a challenge for most. Jar test procedure polymers for water and wastewater treatment. Jar tests determination of optimum ph the jar test a laboratory procedure to determine the optimum ph and the optimum coagulant dose a jar test simulates the coagulation and flocculation processes fill the jars with raw water sample 500 or ml usually 6 jars adjust ph of the jars while mixing using h 2 so 4 or naohlime. The microfloc formed after coagulation further undergoes flocculation and is allowed to settle. There are a couple of simple tests that a pond owner can do, at no cost, to determine if a green pond even has a bluegreen algae community, or if any algal material visible at the water surface is a bluegreen surface scum. The dose of the coagulant to be used can be determined via the jar test. An operator who has never performed a jar test may want to seek technical assistance. Brush nickel plating and heavy metal wastewater treatment. The jar test is a quick method to determine if the sand contains too many fines. Coagulation process operation and jar testing youtube. A jar test procedure as described above can help to establish the optimum ph within the 7. The jar testing, which was developed almost 100 years ago. The jar test is not to be used as a replacement for sieve analysis. California sewage and industrial waste association.
Jar test procedures for precipitants, coagulants, and. Operational control tests for wastewater treatment. One container will be used as a control while the other 5 containers can be adjusted depending on what conditions are being tested. Various amounts of chemicals are added to each jar, stirred, and the settling of solids is observed. Jar testing determined the best liquid alum dose is 6. It is a convenient reference handbook providing numerous examples and appended information and it is a vital text for course material for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater. The basics of jar testing jar testing is a method for determining the proper dose rates of chemicals utilized when treating wastewater. Table of contents environmental protection agency, ireland. Environmentfriendly approach toward the treatment of raw. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment is a readable and useful resource for the water scientist and engineer. Jar test x x x x metals x x x microbiology of activated sludge x x x x nitratenitrite x x x oil and grease x x x organics x x x ph x x x x phosphorus x x x x solids x x x x temperature x x x x test on biosolids x x x x required capabilities. Are you dealing with municipal waste, manufacturing discharge.
In many plants where jar testing is not done, there is a tendency to dose a little extra just to be sure. The main idea behind this series is the subdivision of the original book into smaller books, which could be more easily purchased and used. Jar testing is a pilotscale test of the treatment chemicals used in a particular water plant. Basic jar test is covered in the lowest lab ww licenses pretty much country wide, and you have to have said license or be under direct chemist supervision to run the test and sign your results in most states. Treatment of printing ink wastewater using electrocoagulation. Fill the jar testing apparatus containers with sample water. Alum solution 1 ml containing 10 mg of alum procedure. Abc e edtoknowcriteria forwastewaterlaboratoryanalysts. Coagulationflocculationjar test marmara universitesi.
Ce 326 princip les of environmental engi neering jar test. Jar test procedure the jar test procedures involve the following steps. Enhanced removal of heavy metals in primary treatment. Ce 326 princip les of environmental engi neering jar test background coagulation and f locculation are important unit processes in wat er and wastewater t reatment plants.
When using a 1% solution of coagulant and 1,000 ml jars, 1 ml of solution added 10 ppm. Coagulation and flocculation for wastewater treatment represent tested ways to improve. At hdr, weve been partnering with clients to perform treatability analysis in our environmental laboratory for over 35 years. Jar testing national environmental services center west virginia.
By conducting the jar test in treating this water based printing ink, we will. Procedures for the actual jar test are not presented due to the volume of information required. Bureau of indian standards bis legally binding document. Optimum coagulant forecasting by modeling jar test experiments. Jar tests are conducted on a four or sixplace gang stirrer, which can be utilized to simulate mixing and settling conditions in a. Jar test procedure polymers for water and wastewater. A common remedy for activated sludge system problems is to increase the waste activated sludge was flow rate. It usually consists of a jar or beaker of a known volume and a variable speed mixer. By the aid of jar test apparatus, we used various alum dosages from 0 and 200 mgl. Jar testing procedures the following jar test procedure uses alum. Comparison of jar tests and microscope slide experiments. Printing ink wastewater is generated from the industrial equipment cleaning process in various printing enterprises, such as, textile, plastics and cardboard packaging industries pei and yu, 2016. Jar testing procedures water and wastewater treatment solutions.
This prospective customer was convinced that they hardly used any chemicals. Cationic polymers usually require higher dosing to achieve similar clarity than anionic polymers. Wastewater treatment and discharge 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 6. Comparison of jar tests and microscope slide experiments for. Various test methods are available, as illustrated above, to screen polymers in the many types of applications and equipment found in water and wastewater treatment plants. For example, the ph of the jars can be adjusted or.
Based on what we found in the experiments, with the. Furthermore, after determining the optimum alum dosage for natural river water, the optimum ph value for color removal was studied by varying the range from 4. Therefore, for jar 1, you will add 2 mls, add 4 mls to jar 2, 6 mls to jar 3, and 8 mls to jar 4 to have respectively 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm of coagulant. Jars beakers with different treatment programs or the same product at different dosages are. It is a miniature batch treatment tank with all the variables under control of the operator. An 8 hour jar test must be conducted for best results. Synthetic wastewater allowed the study of processes under controlled conditions and.
Thoroughly revised and updated this new edition has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of. The purpose of the procedure is to estimate the minimum coagulant dose required to achieve certain water quality goals. Dilute a 1 ml 1% solution with 1,000 mls of water to be tested. Generally we add 510 ml for good flocculation in the final step of jar testing. Jar test four 200 ml samples of synthetic paint wastewater with a ph of 8. The appropriate amount of 10,000 ppm alum stock was added to each sample, and flash mixed at. When thick, scummy foam is seen on the aeration tank surface.
Enhanced removal of heavy metals in primary treatment using. The current vendor made them feel they had it handled, but we were asked to test anyway. For example, the most common test for polymer evaluations is the jar test. Jar test for determining coagulant dosage in water. Pdf waste water treatment by coagulation and flocculation. What is coagulation and flocculation in wastewater treatment. Laboratory procedures for wastewater treatment plant operators new york state department of health. Pdf selection of coagulant using jar test and analytic hierarchy. Now add 1 ml, 2 ml, 4 ml, 8 ml, 10 ml, 12 ml of alum respectively in each one of the. Historical trending if historical data is sufficient to demonstrate hourly, daily or monthly.
Ene 806 project report 2 coagulation and flocculation. The jartest results showed that chitosan exhibited high e. Jar testing or bench testing using a simple method to determine wastewater characteristics and real metal to phosphorus ratios required at different chemical injection locations. Published by the national environmental services center jar. Laboratory procedures analysis for wastewater treatment plant operators by. Jar test for coagulation the dose of the coagulant to be used can be determined via the jar test. Three coagulant materials tests were used klaraid cdp26, klaraid pc1195 and klaraid.
The present study investigates the treatment of real printing ink wastewater by using the electrocoagulation ec process. Whats the right treatability test for your industrial. Method of sampling and test physical and chemical for water and wastewater, part 50. Coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications. The following references are recommended for detailed instructions for performing a jar test. Printing ink wastewater contains nonbiodegradable compounds, trace amounts of metals e. What is coagulation and flocculation in water and wastewater treatment. David vletti united states environmental protection agency construction grants operation and maintenance 911 walnut street kansas city, missouri 64106 june 1971. The purpose of coa gulationflocculation is to remove suspended m atter, turbidity, color, microorganisms, and odor producing substances. Laboratory manual for chemical and bacteriological analysis of water and sewage theroux, eldridge and mailman.
Effects of initial chemical oxygen demand cod concentrations, electrode materials and current densities were examined to determine the maximum cod and color removal from the wastewater. There are many different ways that one can proceed with the jar test depending mainly which are the. Jar test reference april 2010 province of manitoba. The engineering team used the method of jar testing to project an optimal amount of polymer used for flocculation and the corresponding ph to maintain for the process. Universities engineering firms technology vendors laboratories why hdr is different. Jar test equipment characteristics of tannery waste water ph optimization table 3 optimization of dosage s. That wasnt true based upon my site visit, onsite investigation and my jar testing. Coagulationflocculation process for produced water.
Jar testing procedures water and wastewater treatment. Optimization of coagulationflocculation for treatment of. For example, if nickel is the main metal of concern, adjust the final ph to 10 to fully optimize the effects of hydroxide precipitation. Water treatment coagulation process operation and jar. Jar test procedures for precipitants, coagulants, and flocculants this article has been reposted with permission by southern metal finishing newsletter june 2007. The test is commonly used in potable water, secondary effluent prior to advanced wastewater treatment, secondary clarifier influent, and sludge conditioning practice. Procedure for laboratory jar test the purpose of the laboratory jar test is to select and quantify a treatment program for removal of suspended solids or oil from raw water or a dilute process or waste stream. Written by aos treatment solutions on april 3, 2018. The jar test is used to determine the proper chemical dosage required for good coagulation and flocculation of water. This overdosing can result in ongoing, unnecessarily high, coagulant expenses. Jar testing jar tests were performed on the collected samples using 1.
Pdf textile factories are one of the industries which its wastewater treatment is a challenging issue, especially in developing countries and a. A conventional jar test apparatus was used in the experiments to coagulate sample of textile wastewater by using chitosan. Powered polymers require longer mixing and accurate weighing out for making up a stock solution. Samples of water to be treated are placed in six jars. One of the challenges for any water or municipal wastewater treatment plant is being able to remove the vast majority of waste particles from the water, quickly and efficiently. Sludge test 56 chlorine demand and standard solutions 56 solution for chlorine demand test 57 jar. The following is a hypothetical wastewater scenario presented with a threestep instructional method to simulating jar test results. When pinpoint floc is observed on the clarifier surface.
As the raw wastewater samples did not contain detectable quantities of dissolved metals, the wastewater samples were spiked with metals of interest to obtain representative concentrations of metals in wastewater. Therefore, for jar 1, you will add 2 mls, add 4 mls to jar 2, 6 mls. Jar test coagulation test first revision name of standards organization. Coagulationflocculation process for produced water treatment. Identified wastewater characteristics in the facility tested adsorption processes for reducing organics evaluated test results and completed a fullscale design to comply with zone ii or iwpa regulations samples were collected from five locations in the treatment process and tested for dissolved.
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